Human RARB

retinoic acid receptor, beta

By David Laperriere, Marieke Rozendaal, and Sylvie Mader

Classification	Homo sapiens » Zinc-coordinating Group » Hormone-nuclear Receptor Family » Subfamily 1 (TR, RAR, PPAR, REV-ERB, E78, RZR/ROR, CNR14, ECR, VDR, DHR96, NHR1, and 27 individual genes)
Related TF(s)	(none defined here)
Homologs	• Rarb
Links	ENSG00000077092 (Ensembl) 5915 (Entrez Gene) Homologene 180220 (OMIM)
Synonyms	RRB2, NR1B2, HAP

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Overview

Among RAR target genes are various key regulators of differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, reflecting the important roles of the RARs during embryonic development and maintenance of tissue homeostasis in the adult.^[1] Examples of known targets are various Hox genes, retinoid metabolizing enzymes and binding proteins and specific RAR isoforms.^[2]^[3]

References

Germain P et al. International Union of Pharmacology. LX. Retinoic acid receptors. Pharmacol. Rev., 58(4):712-25. (PMID 17132850)
Balmer JE and Blomhoff R. Gene expression regulation by retinoic acid. J. Lipid Res., 43(11):1773-808. (PMID 12401878)

Balmer JE and Blomhoff R. A robust characterization of retinoic acid response elements based on a comparison of sites in three species. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 96(5):347-54. (PMID 16081280)

Targets (author curated)

	Target gene	TF complex	Effect	References	GO terms (biological process)
1	Foxq1 (mouse)	RXR/RARB		12805409	Expand 4 terms found
	regulation of transcription hair follicle morphogenesis (IMP, 11309849) transcription regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
2	Gata6 (mouse)	RXR/RARB		12805409	Expand 28 terms found
	intestinal epithelial cell differentiation (ISO, 9566909) cellular response to gonadotropin stimulus (IDA, 9231805) cardiac muscle cell differentiation (IEP, 16137232) lung saccule development (IGI, 17164424) Clara cell differentiation (IGI, 17164424) Type II pneumocyte differentiation (IGI, 17164424) positive regulation of cardioblast differentiation (IEP, 16137232) organ formation (IMP, 16887115) positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter (IDA, 15539431) response to estrogen stimulus (IDA, 9231805) positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter (IGI, 17164424) positive regulation of transcription regulation of transcription positive regulation of apoptosis epithelial cell differentiation (IMP, 16887115) pancreas development (IMP, 16887115) positive regulation of gene-specific transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter (IMP, 16137232) apoptosis (IMP, 9832509) endoderm development (IMP, 9832509) phospholipid metabolic process (IGI, 17164424) transcription regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent (IDA, 11733512) regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent pancreatic A cell differentiation (IMP, 16887115) liver development (IMP, 15767668) pancreatic B cell differentiation (IMP, 16887115) in utero embryonic development (IMP, 9832509)
3	Hoxd4 (mouse)	RXR/RARB		8093325	Expand 8 terms found
	embryonic skeletal system morphogenesis (IMP, 7750651) embryonic skeletal system morphogenesis (IGI, 7628700) regulation of transcription anterior/posterior pattern formation (IMP, 7750651) anterior/posterior pattern formation (IGI, 7628700) multicellular organismal development transcription regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
4	Meis1 (mouse)	RXR/RARB		12805409	Expand 12 terms found
	definitive hemopoiesis (IMP, 15882575) blood vessel morphogenesis (IMP, 15882575) regulation of transcription negative regulation of neuron differentiation (IGI, 18164701) regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent (IDA, 12183364) multicellular organismal development hemopoiesis (IMP, 14713950) regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter (IC, 10373562) regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent transcription angiogenesis (IMP, 14713950) lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye (IMP, 14713950)
5	Rara (mouse)	RXR/RARB		1658797	Expand 27 terms found
	response to ethanol negative regulation of cartilage development (IMP, 10684250) ventricular cardiac muscle cell differentiation (IMP, 9428411) chondroblast differentiation (IMP, 10684250) regulation of synaptic plasticity negative regulation of translational initiation (IDA, 18495661) positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter (IGI, 7823919) regulation of anti-apoptosis regulation of transcription positive regulation of neuron differentiation negative regulation of cell differentiation (IMP, 10684250) regulation of transcription (IDA, 12101409) response to retinoic acid (IMP, 11222375) regulation of granulocyte differentiation (IMP, 11222375) negative regulation of translation negative regulation of gene expression (IGI, 18026104) negative regulation of transcription (IDA, 11641275) negative regulation of cell proliferation male gonad development positive regulation of cell proliferation (IGI, 18026104) regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent spermatogenesis (IMP, 8394014) regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent (IDA, 12079996) transcription ureteric bud development (IMP, 12195422) negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter (IDA, 8152920) negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter (IGI, 7566114)
6	RARB (human)	RXR/RARB		2153268	Expand 12 terms found
	embryonic eye morphogenesis positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter positive regulation of apoptosis embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis neurogenesis striatum development negative regulation of cell proliferation signal transduction (TAS, 2833708) regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter ureteric bud development ventricular cardiac muscle cell differentiation
7	RARG (human)	RXR/RARB		1320193	Expand 19 terms found
	negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent negative regulation of cell proliferation regulation of cell size (TAS, 18438858) anterior/posterior pattern formation response to retinoic acid (IDA, 17943189) embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis positive regulation of apoptosis positive regulation of programmed cell death trachea cartilage development Harderian gland development prostate gland epithelium morphogenesis epithelium development bone morphogenesis Wnt receptor signaling pathway through beta-catenin (TAS, 18484682) retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway (IDA, 17943189) reproductive structure development embryonic eye morphogenesis positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
8	Rbp1 (mouse)	RXR/RARB		1648481	Expand 7 terms found
	retinoic acid metabolic process (IGI, 15193143) retinoic acid metabolic process (IMP, 15193143) retinol metabolic process (IGI, 15193143) retinol metabolic process (IMP, 15765518) response to vitamin A (IMP, 11222375) regulation of granulocyte differentiation (IMP, 11222375) transport
9	RXRG (human)	RXRA/RARB		9006910	Expand 4 terms found
	retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent skeletal muscle tissue development
10	Zfpm1 (mouse)	RXR/RARB		12805409	Expand 4 terms found
	regulation of transcription heart development (IMP, 14614148) transcription negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter (TAS, 12923059)

Targets (automatically populated)

About this section

Data found in this section is cached from PAZAR, a public database of transcription factor and regulatory sequence annotation. Visit PAZAR at http://www.pazar.info/.

	Target gene	TF complex	Effect	References	GO terms (biological process)
1	Oxt (rat) pazar	RARB/RXRA_HUMAN	(unknown)	8383287	Expand 52 terms found
	response to steroid hormone stimulus (IEP, 12588901) positive regulation of synaptic transmission (IDA, 17314286) response to glucocorticoid stimulus (IEP, 17553493) response to cAMP (IEP, 11168841) response to electrical stimulus (IEP, 18823708) positive regulation of uterine smooth muscle contraction (IDA, 19164477) positive regulation of hindgut contraction (IDA, 19258489) positive regulation of synaptogenesis (IDA, 16488155) positive regulation of penile erection (IDA, 18671741) male mating behavior (IEP, 18655888) response to cocaine (IEP, 18609307) regulation of sensory perception of pain (IDA, 17664006) positive regulation of female receptivity (IDA, 11264328) positive regulation of ossification (IDA, 18257653) positive regulation of blood pressure (IDA, 19120122) negative regulation of blood pressure (IMP, 18562099) response to ether (IEP, 1943445) regulation of digestive system process (IDA, 12690433) response to peptide hormone stimulus (IEP, 19246538) drinking behavior (IDA, 15380376) eating behavior (IDA, 15380376) sperm ejaculation (IDA, 18552879) maternal behavior (IDA, 18513132) hyperosmotic salinity response (IEP, 18088359) social behavior (IDA, 17540347) response to progesterone stimulus (IDA, 17280592) response to prostaglandin E stimulus (IEP, 19017254) response to retinoic acid (IEP, 15316117) response to estradiol stimulus (IEP, 19258489) response to food positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion (IDA, 9575824) sleep (IDA, 12832103) response to protein stimulus (IEP, 18675786) response to activity (IEP, 16157794) response to organic cyclic substance (IDA, 19248249) response to organic cyclic substance (IEP, 12504828) positive regulation of norepinephrine secretion (IDA, 14656297) response to sucrose stimulus (IEP, 19022308) grooming behavior (IDA, 17505467) memory (IEP, 18304743) female pregnancy (IEP, 18936075) lactation (TAS, 14624682) parturition (TAS, 14624682) heart development (IEP, 15316117) elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration (IDA, 10497238) response to stress (IEP, 17540347) positive regulation of natriuresis (IDA, 17559853) maternal aggressive behavior (IEP, 18655888) negative regulation of diuresis (IDA, 18057218) response to amphetamine (IEP, 17383105) regulation of heart rate (IDA, 3668162) gastric acid secretion (IDA, 11764003)
2	RARB (human) pazar	RARB_HUMAN RXR/RAR_HUMAN	(unknown)	16081280	Expand 12 terms found
	embryonic eye morphogenesis positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter positive regulation of apoptosis embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis neurogenesis striatum development negative regulation of cell proliferation signal transduction (TAS, 2833708) regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter ureteric bud development ventricular cardiac muscle cell differentiation
3	Th (rat) pazar	RARB/RXRA_HUMAN	(unknown)	16805833	Expand 44 terms found
	oxidation reduction protein homotetramerization (TAS, 2427363) embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis response to steroid hormone stimulus (IEP, 11883789) response to ethanol response to ethanol eating behavior eating behavior eye photoreceptor cell development eye photoreceptor cell development catecholamine biosynthetic process (TAS, 11858766) norepinephrine biosynthetic process catecholamine biosynthetic process epinephrine biosynthetic process norepinephrine biosynthetic process epinephrine biosynthetic process dopamine biosynthetic process neurotransmitter biosynthetic process regulation of heart contraction aromatic amino acid family metabolic process organ morphogenesis organ morphogenesis locomotory behavior regulation of heart contraction mating behavior locomotory behavior memory memory mating behavior learning learning visual perception visual perception heart development heart development response to stress (IEP, 11858766) dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine (IDA, 2427363) response to hypoxia (IDA, 12692140) response to hypoxia synaptic transmission, dopaminergic synaptic transmission, dopaminergic

Links

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Review of retinoic acid target genes (new window)J.E. Balmer and R. Blomhoff 2002.